{"id":10986,"date":"2022-11-09T15:12:46","date_gmt":"2022-11-09T15:12:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/build.pamco.co.uk\/?page_id=10986"},"modified":"2023-01-04T10:53:44","modified_gmt":"2023-01-04T10:53:44","slug":"the-difference-and-divergence-between-readership-and-circulation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/methodology\/the-difference-and-divergence-between-readership-and-circulation\/","title":{"rendered":"The difference and divergence between readership and circulation"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"10986\" class=\"elementor elementor-10986\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-dce-background-image-url=\"https:\/\/build.pamco.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/unsplash_Q1p7bh3SHj8.png\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-abbe886 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"abbe886\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601e55a\" data-id=\"601e55a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8252eb4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8252eb4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The difference and divergence between readership and circulation<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4693e0e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4693e0e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ece70ba\" data-id=\"ece70ba\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-320e896 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"320e896\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-65f59e5\" data-id=\"65f59e5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-379581c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"379581c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>What\u2019s the difference between readership and circulation?<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4db0c24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4db0c24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Circulation\u00a0is a count of how many copies of a particular publication are distributed. Circulation audits are provided by the\u00a0Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC).<\/p><p>Readership\u00a0is an estimate of how many readers a publication has. As most publications have more than one reader per copy, the PAMCo readership estimate is very different from the circulation count.<\/p><p>Readership estimates also show:<\/p><ul><li>The demographic profile of readers.<\/li><li>What else they read and do.<\/li><\/ul><p>The relationship between readership and circulation is known as\u00a0readers-per-copy, i.e. readership divided by circulation. The number of readers-per-copy varies considerably by publication, as the following examples show.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7700a22 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7700a22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"569\" height=\"358\" src=\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Slide1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-11338\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Slide1.jpg 569w, https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Slide1-300x189.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 569px) 100vw, 569px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa3650f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fa3650f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Divergence Between Readership and Circulation<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d83f5e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8d83f5e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>The relationship between readership and circulation is a complex one. Usually long-term trend data show a strong relationship between the two, but there can be changes, both sudden and gradual<\/p><p>In some cases, sudden period-on-period changes are a result of sample variation, particularly for smaller titles. However, around half of the period-on-period changes in readers-per-copy are statistically significant and it is important that PAMCo reflects these real changes in reader-per-copy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What\u2019s the difference between readership and circulation? Circulation\u00a0is a count of how many copies of a particular publication are distributed. Circulation audits are provided by the\u00a0Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC). Readership\u00a0is an estimate of how many readers a publication has. As most publications have more than one reader per copy, the PAMCo readership estimate is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":10950,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The difference and divergence between readership and circulation - PAMCo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/methodology\/the-difference-and-divergence-between-readership-and-circulation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The difference and divergence between readership and circulation - PAMCo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What\u2019s the difference between readership and circulation? Circulation\u00a0is a count of how many copies of a particular publication are distributed. Circulation audits are provided by the\u00a0Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC). Readership\u00a0is an estimate of how many readers a publication has. As most publications have more than one reader per copy, the PAMCo readership estimate is [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/methodology\/the-difference-and-divergence-between-readership-and-circulation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"PAMCo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-04T10:53:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/build.pamco.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Slide1.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/methodology\/the-difference-and-divergence-between-readership-and-circulation\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/methodology\/the-difference-and-divergence-between-readership-and-circulation\/\",\"name\":\"The difference and divergence between readership and circulation - PAMCo\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2022-11-09T15:12:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-01-04T10:53:44+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/methodology\/the-difference-and-divergence-between-readership-and-circulation\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/methodology\/the-difference-and-divergence-between-readership-and-circulation\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/methodology\/the-difference-and-divergence-between-readership-and-circulation\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Methodology\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/methodology\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"The difference and divergence between readership and circulation\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/\",\"name\":\"PAMCo\",\"description\":\"Audience Measurement for Publishers\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/#organization\",\"name\":\"PAMCo\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/PAMCo-Logo-Final.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/PAMCo-Logo-Final.svg\",\"width\":545,\"height\":153,\"caption\":\"PAMCo\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The difference and divergence between readership and circulation - PAMCo","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/pamco.co.uk\/methodology\/the-difference-and-divergence-between-readership-and-circulation\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"The difference and divergence between readership and circulation - PAMCo","og_description":"What\u2019s the difference between readership and circulation? Circulation\u00a0is a count of how many copies of a particular publication are distributed. Circulation audits are provided by the\u00a0Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC). Readership\u00a0is an estimate of how many readers a publication has. 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